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RocketMQ5 ​

RocketMQ 是 Apache 顶级开源的分布式消息队列，最初由 阿里巴巴 开发，具备高吞吐、低延迟、高可用等特性，广泛用于异步解耦、分布式事务、流式计算等场景。RocketMQ 5.x 版本引入 Controller、Proxy、云原生支持，增强了多协议兼容性（HTTP/gRPC/MQTT）、自动主从切换、存储优化。其核心组件包括 NameServer（注册中心）、Broker（存储转发）、Controller（高可用管理）、Proxy（协议适配），适合云环境和高并发业务 🚀。

文档使用以下1台服务器，具体服务分配见描述的进程

IP地址主机名描述
192.168.1.109bigdata01NameServer + Broker

基础配置 ​

下载软件包

wget https://dist.apache.org/repos/dist/release/rocketmq/5.3.1/rocketmq-all-5.3.1-bin-release.zip

解压软件包

unzip -d /usr/local/software/ rocketmq-all-5.3.1-bin-release.zip
ln -s /usr/local/software/rocketmq-all-5.3.1-bin-release /usr/local/software/rocketmq

创建环境变量

cat > /usr/local/software/rocketmq/conf/rocketmq.env <<"EOF"
JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/software/jdk8
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin
EOF

服务配置 ​

创建 NameServer 配置 ​

cat > /usr/local/software/rocketmq/conf/namesrv.conf <<"EOF"
listenPort=9876
defaultThreadPoolNums=4
EOF

参数说明

  • listenPort：NameServer 监听端口
  • defaultThreadPoolNums：线程池大小

创建 Broker 配置 ​

创建配置文件

cat > /usr/local/software/rocketmq/conf/broker.conf <<"EOF"
# 基础配置
brokerClusterName = DefaultCluster
brokerName = broker-a
brokerId = 0
brokerRole = ASYNC_MASTER
flushDiskType = ASYNC_FLUSH
autoCreateTopicEnable = true
autoCreateSubscriptionGroup = true

# NameServer 相关
namesrvAddr = localhost:9876
listenPort = 10911

# 存储 & 清理
storePathRootDir = /data/service/rocketmq
deleteWhen = 04
fileReservedTime = 48
diskMaxUsedSpaceRatio = 75

# 消息队列 & 性能
defaultTopicQueueNums = 8
maxMessageSize = 4194304
EOF

参数说明

  • 基础配置
    • brokerClusterName：Broker 所属集群名称
    • brokerName：Broker 名称（同集群内需唯一）
    • brokerId：0 为 Master，非 0 为 Slave
    • brokerRole：ASYNC_MASTER / SYNC_MASTER / SLAVE
    • flushDiskType：磁盘刷盘策略 ASYNC_FLUSH / SYNC_FLUSH
    • autoCreateTopicEnable：是否允许自动创建 Topic
    • autoCreateSubscriptionGroup: 是否允许自动创建订阅组
  • NameServer 相关
    • namesrvAddr：NameServer 地址
    • listenPort：Broker 监听端口
  • 存储 & 清理
    • storePathRootDir：RocketMQ 存储目录
    • deleteWhen：日志删除时间（默认凌晨 04:00）
    • fileReservedTime：文件保留时长（单位 小时）
    • diskMaxUsedSpaceRatio：磁盘使用超过 75% 开始清理文件
  • 消息队列 & 性能
    • defaultTopicQueueNums：默认 Topic 队列数
    • maxMessageSize：最大消息大小（默认 4MB）

创建数据目录

mkdir -p /data/service/rocketmq

设置服务自启 ​

NameServer 服务 ​

编辑配置文件

sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/rocketmq-namesrv.service <<"EOF"
[Unit]
Description=RocketMQ NameServer
Documentation=https://rocketmq.apache.org/zh
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
WorkingDirectory=/usr/local/software/rocketmq
Environment="JAVA_OPT_EXT=-Xms1g -Xmx1g"
EnvironmentFile=-/usr/local/software/rocketmq/conf/rocketmq.env
ExecStart=/usr/local/software/rocketmq/bin/mqnamesrv -c /usr/local/software/rocketmq/conf/namesrv.conf
ExecStop=/bin/kill -SIGTERM $MAINPID
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=30
TimeoutStartSec=120
TimeoutStopSec=180
StartLimitIntervalSec=600
StartLimitBurst=3
KillMode=control-group
KillSignal=SIGTERM
SuccessExitStatus=143
User=admin
Group=ateng
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动服务

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable rocketmq-namesrv.service
sudo systemctl start rocketmq-namesrv.service

查看状态

sudo systemctl status rocketmq-namesrv.service
sudo journalctl -f -u rocketmq-namesrv.service

Broker 服务 ​

编辑配置文件

sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/rocketmq-broker.service <<"EOF"
[Unit]
Description=RocketMQ Broker
Documentation=https://rocketmq.apache.org/zh
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
WorkingDirectory=/usr/local/software/rocketmq
Environment="JAVA_OPT_EXT=-Xms2g -Xmx2g"
EnvironmentFile=-/usr/local/software/rocketmq/conf/rocketmq.env
ExecStart=/usr/local/software/rocketmq/bin/mqbroker -c /usr/local/software/rocketmq/conf/broker.conf
ExecStop=/bin/kill -SIGTERM $MAINPID
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=30
TimeoutStartSec=120
TimeoutStopSec=180
StartLimitIntervalSec=600
StartLimitBurst=3
KillMode=control-group
KillSignal=SIGTERM
SuccessExitStatus=143
User=admin
Group=ateng
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动服务

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable rocketmq-broker.service
sudo systemctl start rocketmq-broker.service

查看状态

sudo systemctl status rocketmq-broker.service
sudo journalctl -f -u rocketmq-broker.service

使用服务 ​

进入目录

cd /usr/local/software/rocketmq

创建topic

bin/mqadmin updateTopic -n localhost:9876 -c DefaultCluster -t TestTopic

查看topic

bin/mqadmin topicList

写入消息

$ export NAMESRV_ADDR=localhost:9876
$ bin/tools.sh org.apache.rocketmq.example.quickstart.Producer

读取消息

$ bin/tools.sh org.apache.rocketmq.example.quickstart.Consumer

安装 Dashboard ​

打包Jar ​

需要在Linux上编译

下载源码

wget https://codeload.github.com/apache/rocketmq-dashboard/zip/refs/tags/rocketmq-dashboard-2.0.0

打包Jar

mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true

拷贝Jar

cp rocketmq-dashboard.jar /usr/local/software/rocketmq/rocketmq-dashboard.jar

启动服务 ​

编辑配置文件

sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/rocketmq-dashboard.service <<"EOF"
[Unit]
Description=RocketMQ Dashboard
Documentation=https://rocketmq.apache.org/zh
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
WorkingDirectory=/usr/local/software/rocketmq
Environment="JAVA_OPTS=-Xms1g -Xmx1g -Drocketmq.namesrv.addr=127.0.0.1:9876 -Dserver.port=10908"
ExecStart=/usr/local/software/jdk8/bin/java -server $JAVA_OPTS -jar /usr/local/software/rocketmq/rocketmq-dashboard.jar
ExecStop=/bin/kill -SIGTERM $MAINPID
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=30
TimeoutStartSec=120
TimeoutStopSec=180
StartLimitIntervalSec=600
StartLimitBurst=3
KillMode=control-group
KillSignal=SIGTERM
SuccessExitStatus=143
User=admin
Group=ateng
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

启动服务

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable rocketmq-dashboard.service
sudo systemctl start rocketmq-dashboard.service

查看状态

sudo systemctl status rocketmq-dashboard.service
sudo journalctl -f -u rocketmq-dashboard.service

访问服务 ​

URL: http://192.168.1.13:10908/

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